the bill of rights is actually just the first ten amendments to the american constitution. these were/are, in order:
1st - freedom of speech, assembly, religion, the press, and petition
2nd - right to bear arms
3rd - protection from the billeting of troops
4th - protection from unreasonable search and arrest
5th - double jeopardy, due process, self-incrimination and private property
6th - rights of the accused, including trial by jury
7th - trial by jury in civil cases worth over twenty dollars [allowing for inflation]
8th - reasonable bail and protection from cruel and unusual punishment
9th - protection of rights not covered in the bill of rights
10th - states rights
the first is nice, isn't it? we like that one. obviously, the fifth is the biggie. that's the one most people are familiar with, due to its ubiquity in pop culture representations. "pleading the fifth", or the right to remain silent, is a good protection to have if ever you're accused of something [whether you did it or not]. but did you know that the fifth also covered double jeopardy [can't be tried for the same crime twice], due process and property rights? i didn't.
the second amendment is a hoot. here it is in full...
A well regulated Militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the People to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed.i'm pretty sure that all those americans running around with their very own guns are not part of a "well-regulated militia". not sure that america needs one so much now, what with the POLICE FORCE, NATIONAL GUARD AND A MILITARY CONSISTING OF A STANDING ARMY, NAVY AND AIR FORCE. but hey, they don't wanna wear selt-belts either. and who are we to say otherwise?
the third basically says that if there's a war, and the government needs to move some soldiers into your house, they need to ask your permission first. it also suggests that they really shouldn't be using your house as barracks during peacetime. phew!
my favourite, though, is the ninth amendment. it's saying 'hey! you have other rights that we haven't thought of/can't fit on here. if you have other rights under any other laws, then we'll honour them using this ninth amendment.' it's kinda like "insert individual right here __________." bless.
the united states went on to add tons more amendments to its constitution, including famous ones like the abolition of slavery [13th], women's suffrage [19th, not til 1920!], prohibition [1919, repealed 1933, the 18th and 21st] and two-term presidents [22nd in 1951].
by contrast, australians don't like their constitution being fucked with [discussed, or even read], which might be because ours pretty much protects the rights of corporations and states, as opposed to individuals. there are only three rights that are constitutionally guaranteed to australian citizens: just compensation for private property seized, trial by jury, and freedom of religion. of course, we're also deeply suspicious of centralised power and grand statements of intent. we didn't blood our country in a revolutionary war, and we weren't in any hurry to codify our rights and responsibilities as australians [we took steps in 1901, 1931, 1942, and 1986]. we still don't have our own head of state.
do you think we need our own bill of rights?
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with apologies to those who a] knew this stuff already, or b] don't care so deeply for americana as i do.